Ticket controller (transportation). The VRF-lite coexistence model (Figure 20) uses the traditional approach to providing external connectivity to a VXLAN BGP EVPN fabric. Unicast routing is disabled, or a BD subnet is deleted while unicast routing is enabled. Additional documentation about EVPN Multi-Site architecture and related topics can be found at the sites listed here. MAC or IP address learning are not paused for 120 seconds. CDP can report problems it discovers, but it typically does not automatically fix them. This option is not available on GUI as of APIC Release 5.0(1). The BD to which this EPG configuration belongs must be set for unknown unicast flooding. When two OSPF L3Outs are on the same leaf, those need to be in a different OSPF area. Action These are the actions that will be taken when the number of received prefixes from this neighbor exceeded the configured value. This can be changed with the new feature to configure a BGP route-map per peer, which was introduced in APIC Release 4.2(1). We did another visually timed test (we watched our watches) by starting a continuous ping (ping -t ) directed to the switch on a PC attached to the switch. Endpoint learning with L3Out connections. When deploying Cisco StackWise Virtual, ensure that VLAN ID 4094 is not used anywhere on the network. The configuration for a BGW to a shared border with a site-external eBGP underlay is shown here. This section describes endpoint learning related knobs for EPG, bridge domain, and fabric-wide configurations. (For Cisco ACI Release 5.2(1g), the maximum number of entries is 4096.). In the event that the ports cannot operate as configured, they must not pass any traffic. If ARP traffic is coming from an L3Out SVI rather than a routed-port sub-interface, ARP traffic is flooded to other leaf switches with the same L3Out SVI. In this example, the configuration is used to set the highest priority to the traffic from TCP port 1494. If no response is received, the endpoint is deleted. In cases in which functions such as as-override and allowas-in are used, you must pay special attention to the site-external overlay peering. See the L3Out Route Profile / Route Map section for details about how to set or match extended communities on L3Out. Spanning tree can shut down some ports (with a port status of "errdisable") if one side is configured as a channel before the other side can be configured as a channel. It also introduces split-horizon rules to help ensure that traffic entering the BGW from one flood domain does not return to the same flood domain. In defining the site-external BGP peering session (peer-type fabric external), rewrite and reorigination are enabled. MTU (bytes) (optional) This is the MTU (maximum transmission unit) value in bytes for the subinterface, routed interface, or SVI. Interface 1/0/11 is applied with queue set 2. over a large distance. MLSP also allows the MLS-SE to learn the Media Access Control (MAC, layer-two) addresses of the MLS-enabled router interfaces, check the flowmask of the MLS-RP (explained later in this document), and confirm that the MLS-RP is operational. This TCP RESET results in data-plane IP learning for the VIP address 192.168.2.100 on Leaf2 E1/1. In this case, the BD subnet 192.168.1.254/24 should be configured under the BD instead without the Advertised Externally and Shared between VRFs scopes so that the BD can still provide the pervasive gateway for EPGs such as EPG X. Ticket controller (transportation). Also, the age timer for a remote endpoint is shorter than for a local endpoint because a remote endpoint is just a cache and should not be present after the conversation has ceased and the original local endpoint on another leaf has disappeared. Another cause of inactive ports is when the VLAN they belong to disappears. The CAM table shows, for each device, the MAC address of the device, out which port that MAC address can be found, and with which VLAN this port is associated. The topology with a normal port channel or access port (For example, one border leaf switch for each firewall) for two border leaf switchesone for eachis supported regardless of the generation of the leaf switch, starting from Cisco ACI Release 2.2(2), regardless of whether a multiple-pod or single-pod design is used. Note: No EVPN Multi-Site interface tracking (evpn multisite dci-tracking) is required for the site-external underlay facing the shared border. In ACI, these route-dampening parameters are configured via Set Policy in Route Profile without any Match Policy. Shared Route Control Subnet This scope is to leak an external subnet to another VRF. No matter how many leaf switches have learned endpoint information, only three components will need to be updated after an endpoint moves. Just note that to re-enable the ports is a separate step that must be done for the ports to become functional again. eBGP / iBGP / Local Distance This feature was introduced in APIC Release 1.2(1). If unicast routing is disabled on BD1, which performs only Layer 2 forwarding, LEAF1 will never learn any IP address under BD1, as shown in Figure 20. However, because of a misconfiguration or an event such as IP spoofing, an endpoint on LEAF2 is sending packets with the source IP address 10.0.0.99, which should not exist in Cisco ACI, but should exist only behind the L3Out connection. Note: All BGWs at the same site must have the same site IDs (site ID 1 is shown here). BGW21-N93180EX# show bgp l2vpn evpn route-type 4, BGP routing table information for VRF default, address family L2VPN EVPN, Route Distinguisher: 10.100.100.21:27001 (ES [0300.0000.0000.0100.0309 0]), BGP routing table entry for [4]:[0300.0000.0000.0100.0309]:[32]:[10.200.200.21]/136, version 59722, Flags: (0x000002) on xmit-list, is not in l2rib/evpn, Path type: local, path is valid, is best path, 10.200.200.21 (metric 0) from 0.0.0.0 (10.100.100.21), Origin IGP, MED not set, localpref 100, weight 32768, 10.52.52.52 10.53.53.53 10.100.100.201 10.100.100.202, BGP routing table entry for [4]:[0300.0000.0000.0100.0309]:[32]:[10.200.200.22]/136, version 59736, Flags: (0x000012) on xmit-list, is in l2rib/evpn, is not in HW, Path type: internal, path is valid, is best path, Imported from 10.100.100.22:27001:[4]:[0300.0000.0000.0100.0309]:[32]:[10.200.200.22]/136, AS-Path: NONE, path sourced internal to AS, 10.200.200.22 (metric 3) from 10.100.100.201 (10.100.100.201), Origin IGP, MED not set, localpref 100, weight 0, Originator: 10.100.100.22 Cluster list: 10.100.100.201. Get the latest news and analysis in the stock market today, including national and world stock market news, business news, financial news and more Administrative Distance (AD) for BGP. There are many components that add an IP prefix-list into a route map on a border leaf. Via an Export Route Control Subnet scope in a subnet under L3Out EPG, 3. A lower number indicates a better metric. With the BGW potentially multiple routing hops away, you must increase the BGP session TTL setting to an appropriate value (ebgp-multihop). StackWise Virtual uses a StackWise Virtual link This label must match the provider label for the GOLF L3Out in the infra tenant. Shutdown: The BGP peer is shut down due to the maximum prefix violation, and a fault F1214 is raised. SVI Encap Scope VRF allows multiple L3Outs in the same VRF to share an L3Out BD, which means to share the same access-encap VLAN even on the same leaf. Hello Interval (sec) The interval for OSPF hello packets. Adjust the MTU value for the interface to accommodate your environment (minimum value is 1500 bytes plus VXLAN encapsulation). The configuration guides in particular are very helpful. It could become stale after IP1 ceases communication with IP2 and moves to LEAF2 while IP1 is still continuing to send traffic toward the L3Out connection on LEAF3. Please refer to the L3Out BFD section for details. Virtual standby switch to the Cisco StackWise Virtual active switch. The penalty is high for this event because it causes two route updates to BGP, Spine tunnel interface status change (up/down) for an endpoint. For packets traversing a StackWise Virtual link, all Layer 3 multicast replications occur on the egress switch. active ID. By default, a BD or a VRF refers to the default policy defined in the common tenant is used. By default, queue set 1 is assigned to all the ports when you enable QoS on the switch. Each OSPF L3Out represents one OSPF area. Point-to-point A network that exists only between two routers. 0000002328 00000 n This policy is used under VRF but the EIGRP Address Family Context Policy itself is located under Tenant > Policies > EIGRP > EIGRP Address Family Context. If this is a new installation, remember that some components can only work with certain releases of software. The excessive packets are dropped by the policer. When you build one large data center fabric per location, various challenges related to operation and failure containment exist. Note: The use of a route server is optional, but it simplifies the EVPN Multi-Site deployment. The autonomous system portion of the automated route target (ASN:VNI) will be rewritten upon receipt from the site-external network (rewrite-evpn-rt-asn) without modification of any configurations on the site-internal VTEPs. technical issues with Cisco products and technologies. The following configuration example focuses on the second method, using a static route to the external router. A dedicated set of BGWs can be placed at the leaf layer, with the BGWs connected to the spine just like any other VTEP in the fabric (site-internal VTEPs). Figure 79 shows this scenario. Using the same constructs of the prefix list and route map, you can suppress host routes as shown in the following configuration. Cisco is redefining the economics of mass-scale networking to improve costs and outcomes by converging infrastructure in multiple dimensions and creating a high-performance, efficient, and trustworthy network across a more inclusive world. Note for the option at VRF: The above remote MAC learning behaviors apply to second-generation leaf switches. When no response is received from an IP address that IP address is aged out. When Transit Routing is performed on the same border leaf across two OSPF L3Outs, one of them needs to be OSPF Area 0 because there will be a route exchange between the OSPF areas without going through infra MP-BGP. The priority queue is disabled. switch where they are processed. Packets intended Leaf 101 will then forward the traffic. It allows the L3Out in the user tenant/VRF to apply its L3Out EPG (L3Out Networks in GUI) to the GOLF L3Out. The default-export Route Profile will also ignore the configuration of BD subnets with an Advertise Externally scope in the BD to which the L3Out is associated. Due to this stub nature, traffic traversing from one L3Out to another through the ACI network was originally not supported. When this feature is enabled, Cisco ACI flushes all local IP endpoints outside bridge domain subnets and all remote IP endpoints. This is equivalent to permit or deny in a normal route map. Optional. The route targets must be preserved while that function is performed (retain route-target all). modules on the Cisco StackWise Virtual standby switch. that are part of MEC. Egress processing When configured per Address Family, the policy is applied only to the address family (that is, if the address family is IPv4, the policy is applied to OSPFv2). The only difference is that Transit Routing between the same L3Outs using the same protocol on the same border leaf is not supported for EIGRP. This interface connects to the external router. Just turning on Portfast and turning off PAgP (if present) is usually enough to solve the problem, but if you need to eliminate every possible second you could also set the port speed and duplex manually on the switch if it is a multi-speed port (10/100). The VRF member name must match the VRF context name in the next step. If L2 Unknown Unicast is set to hardware-proxy, traffic toward the new unlearned endpoints will be sent to a spine for spine-proxy and get dropped. For a DSR use case, use of the L4-L7 Virtual IPs option is still recommended as the L4-L7 VIP option can prevent learning VIP from other EPGs via both the control plane and data plane. Although Cisco ACI can detect MAC and IP address movement between leaf switch ports, leaf switches, bridge domains, and EPGs, it does not detect the movement of an IP address to a new MAC address if the new MAC address is from the same interface and same EPG as the old MAC address. Endpoint announce messages address those corner cases. When the GARP based detection option is enabled, Cisco ACI will trigger an endpoint move based on GARP packets if the move occurs on the same interface and same EPG. Note: As of Cisco NX-OS 7.0(3)I7(1), the coexistence of different first-hop gateway modes (such as HSRP and DAG) is not supported for the same network. In the policy-map, you see only two class-maps. To enable this option, Remove private AS needs to be enabled. The co-existence of these different first-hop gateway approaches is not supported today, and hence you need to achieve alignment between the legacy sites and VXLAN BGP EVPN sites. Cisco StackWise Virtual achieves Layer 3 load balancing over all the paths in the Forwarding Information Base entries, be 4x10G breakout cables are not supported with SVLs. The source IP address is not learned as a local endpoint. See the BGP Route Dampening in the L3Out BGP section for details. Always check the release notes and consult with your local Cisco sales office for new MLS support and feature developments. The Endpoint Dataplane Learning setting on the PBR node EPG is automatically disabled during service graph instantiation. In the following, each step is briefly explained. It ensures that the hardware and software versions are compatible to The use of the word campus does not imply any specific With the Egress option in this feature, a contract for this flow is always applied on a border leaf (egress leaf). In the case of silent hosts, where an ACI leaf hasnt learned a local endpoint, ACI has some mechanisms to detect those silent hosts. The traffic to 192.168.1.1 should go to the gateway device first, and the gateway device should forward the return traffic to MAC S1 (the source). It converts the BGW to a traditional VTEP (the PIP address stays up). Table 1, at the beginning of this document, provides a summary of all the features discussed in this section. When multiple communities need to be set, use the Additional Communities option on top of this option. Make sure both sides are in the same mode. active switch and the Cisco StackWise Virtual standby switch. <<0AA044683979CA4988B2718E27FCBFF0>]>> Note:The Catalyst 6xxx family of switches does NOT support an external MLS-RP at this time. Starting from Cisco ACI Release 5.2(3) it is possible to configure an exception list of MAC addresses to which the Rogue EP Control policy is not applied. Alternative approaches for underlay reachability include the use of IGP, but this document focuses solely on eBGP. Actually, the Dscp-inputq-threshold map overrides the Cos-inputq-threshold map. This tag is carried through external routers because it is a standard route tag. As with Layer 3 extension, the configuration to enable Layer 2 extension through an EVPN Multi-Site BGW is similar to the configuration used for a normal VTEP. Thus, an individual endpoints MAC address and host IP address must be seen within a site or across sites whenever bridging communication is required. In this section, we describe some of the things you can learn when you look at that traffic information of a port. You can use the Disable Remote EP Learn feature on the border leaf to prevent this situation. To use the dual-active fast hello packet detection method, you must provision a direct ethernet connection between the two The site-internal underlay can be deployed in various forms. For example, the following configuration is to leak 10.0.0.0/8 in a routing table into another VRF, but the prefix-pcTag mapping is created for 10.1.0.0/16 and 10.2.0.0/16 respectively so that different contracts can be applied for each prefix. Because of this susceptibility to loops, switches run a protocol called the spanning tree protocol (STP) that causes loops to be eliminated in the topology. You can tune this value by going to Tenant > Networking > Protocol Policies > End Point Retention, where you can also find the other endpoint retention timers. Configure the policed-DSCP map table to map: Trust the DSCP values of the IP communicator packets and police it to 256Kbps. This feature works within a site. Learn more about how Cisco is using Inclusive Language. If port initialization delay on the switch was the problem, portfast should solve it. You thus need to consider, for example, how leaf-to-leaf communication occurs and how BGW-to-BGW communication occurs. When a traffic IP does not match any of the subnets in the External Subnets for the External EPG scope in the VRF (please note that this scope is per VRF instead of L3Out; see the Caution below for details), the traffic will likely be dropped as there is no L3Out EPG with a contract in the VRF for the IP. The latter is called a Graceful Restart Receiving device or Graceful Restart Helper. Use cases for these knobs are also presented. Why you need to disable Unicast Routing for L2BD (part 1: expected flow), Why you need to disable Unicast Routing for L2BD (part 2: IP learning on L2BD), Why you need to disable Unicast Routing for L2BD (part 3: problems with IP learning on L2BD). See above for details on the Allow Self AS option. As mentioned earlier, there are different ways to onboard endpoints to the network. As described later in this section, the E (eBGP) portion for the overlay is mandatory. When multiple external routers are connected to an OSPF L3Out with the same SVI/VLAN, which means in the same L3Out BD, the external routers will form a neighbor directly to each other. This is a feature to allow the ACI fabric to be a transit network by advertising external routes that were learned from one external routing domain to another. In contrast, the MLS mode on the MLS-SE is explicitly configured. StackWise Virtual link-related configuration in the two switches must match. This is because the ARP resolution for the specific hosts that you have configured would not work correctly otherwise. From listening to learning took approximately 14 seconds (20:39 to 20:53). The 11.2(8.2)SA6 version of software was used on the 2900XL for these tests. the changes will no longer be part of the startup configuration when the switch reloads. It is a resource allocation setting only. Disable Remote EP Learn use case 2 (part 3). However, you cannot configure both queues as the priority queue. This option is valid only for eBGP peers. The MSFC requires the Policy Feature Card (PFC) as well, both installed on the Catalyst 6xx Supervisor. An election mechanism that determines which switch is Cisco StackWise Virtual active and which one is a control plane standby, If the stack is connected at full bandwidth, you receive 32Gbps bandwidth. Otherwise, the route will not show up in the routing table because all VRFs use the same default VRF tag by default. Just as with any other L3Out configuration, users need to associate VRF and External Routed Domain on the L3Out root as well. Show the switch IOS version and configuration (show version, show module). 0000146333 00000 n The Catalyst 5000 uses the last bit or the last two bits (dependent upon how many links are in the channel) of the source and destination mac addresses in the frame to determine which port in the channel to use. BGP Routing Summarization in ACI is configured by adding a route summarization policy to an L3Out subnet with scope Export Route Control Subnet, because it is used to advertise (export) routes from ACI to outside. This configuration has been supported since APIC Release 2.2(2). At this point, we have received the ping responses on port 3/1. The route server must be able to support the EVPN address family, reflect VPN routes, and manipulate the next-hop behavior (next-hop unchanged). A track list can be attached to either the static route itself and/or to its next-hop, and the static route and/or the next-hop is kept in the routing table when a track list shows that there is enough reachability based on the threshold condition configured in the track list. At least one of the physical interfaces that are configured with fabric tracking must be up to enable the Multi-Site BGW function (keeping the virtual IP VTEP address active). Thus, it affects only traffic to or from the L3Out. All the per-tenant configuration settings for Layer 3 are provided solely to allow VXLAN traffic termination and reencapsulation for transit through the BGW. For EVPN Multi-Site architecture, you need to consider two main failure scenarios: a failure in the fabric (site-internal failure) and a failure in the site-external area. ", DHCP reports, "No DHCP Servers Available.". Site-internal and site-external interface status. The Link Management Protocol (LMP) is activated on each link of the StackWise Virtual links as soon as the links are established. Make sure all devices are in the same VLAN. The standalone NX-OS equivalent command for OSPF Regular area is the following: The standalone NX-OS equivalent command for OSPF NSSA area is the following: area 0.0.0.1 nssa default-information-originate, Default-route advertisement in OSPF Stub area. When ACI sees an external route with its own VRF tag, it will not use the route in its routing table, to prevent a potential loop. Otherwise, the configuration will not be easy to consume and maintain, because it merges prefixes from L3Out subnets and the Explicit Prefix List, as Figure 99 illustrates. Virtual enabled campus network. The server is mistakenly configured as active/active NIC teaming, which sends packets with the same source IP from multiple NICs with different MAC addresses. The same thing occurs if L3Out 3 is configured with Shared Route Control Subnet for 11.0.0.0/8 explicitly instead of the aggregate option. 0000006155 00000 n When the pcTag of an EPG is changed, the corresponding remote endpoints on other leaf switches will be flushed. 263 67 ping - to test connectivity to the other switch. The default is 40 seconds, which is the default (4 x Hello Interval) for broadcast and point-to-point OSPF network types. This also implies the Import Route Control Subnet scope configuration on OSPF L3Out A would be applied to the OSPF L3Out B as well if both L3Outs are deployed on the same border leaf in the same VRF. The third option consists in configuring Transit Routing between different VRFs. To solve this problem, a value of 64 bits with an improved formula was introduced for EIGRP. The CPU on the Cisco StackWise Virtual Route Profile Type in GUI (APIC Release 3.2). The switch processes tagged data traffic (traffic in IEEE 802.1Q or IEEE 802.1p frame types) from the device attached to the access port on the Cisco IP Phone. Please note that Aggregate option for Export and Import scopes is supported only for 0.0.0.0/0 subnet. This particular example applies only to first-generation leaf switches sourcing traffic toward the border leaf, as mentioned in the scenario 3 discussion earlier in this document. BGP Peer Prefix Policy in GUI (APIC Release 3.2). Next Hop IP must be 0.0.0.0/0 for None. Now that port 2/1 is disabled, EtherChannel automatically uses the next port in the channel, 2/2. A bounce entry is basically a remote endpoint created by COOP communication instead of data-plane learning. Hence, the recommendation is to read this document with some basic understanding of ACI along with decent knowledge of standard routing protocols such as OSPF, EIGRP, BGP and MP-BGP. In addition, in a QoS service policy attached to the 10720 control plane, the police command does not support set actions as arguments in conform-action, exceed-action, and violate-action parameters.. When advertising a BD subnet or performing Transit Routing, routes are redistributed into the EIGRP topology via a route map that is automatically created on a border leaf. In this deployment model, the Layer 3 cloud provides to each site redundant connectivity points to which the BGWs can connect. Hence, LEAF2 will instead install the bounce-to-proxy entry for IP2, which points to spine proxy instead of LEAF4. Many different Cisco Catalyst Switches and Cisco Routers support auto-negotiation. Trunking over ATM uses LANE. The isolated BGW withdraws all of its advertised BGP EVPN routes (Route Type 2, Route Type 3, Route Type 4, and Route Type 5). If they are not in the same VLAN, a router must be configured to allow the devices to communicate. Disable Remote EP Learn use case 2 (part 2). See the section L2 Unknown Unicast consideration, for details. The main functional component of the EVPN Multi-Site architecture is the border gateway, or BGW. If StackWise Virtual does not meet the requirements for SSO redundancy, it will be incapable of establishing a relationship 0000002687 00000 n Down Value (percentage or weight) When the percentage or weight reaches this value, the track list is marked as down if it was up prior to this. Because SwitchA ports were (temporarily) disabled, SwitchB ports no longer have a connection. The incoming packets that match Class C are marked with the DSCP value CS2, and the CoS value is derived from the DSCP-CoS table which is 2. The connected switch sends ePAgP messages with the new StackWise Virtual active ID to both StackWise Virtual switches. Every BGW uses its PIP address to perform BUM replication, either in the multicast underlay or when advertising BGP EVPN Route Type 3 (inclusive multicast), used for ingress replication. Do not skip the basic things and assume that something works; someone can have changed something and not told you. This shows that the L3Out BD is independent of the Node Profile and the Interface Profile. to 2. Cisco ACI license SKUs are in Hybrid mode because the same SKU is shared between Cisco ACI and Cisco Nexus 9000 Series ACI-Mode Switch licenses. An alternative of access control in the strict sense (physically controlling access itself) is a system of checking authorized presence, see e.g. L3Out subnet scope in GUI (APIC Release 3.2). Many controversial events are censored from news coverage, preventing many Chinese citizens from knowing about the actions of their government, and severely restricting freedom of the press. A default gateway was assigned to both switches with set ip route default 172.16.84.1. If not asked to trunk, they work as normal non-trunking ports. Please see the L3Out Transit Routing section for details about how OSPF L3Out implements Transit Routing. In addition, in a QoS service policy attached to the 10720 control plane, the police command does not support set actions as arguments in conform-action, exceed-action, and violate-action parameters.. We turned off the channel from the previous example with this command on SwitchA and SwitchB. This section covers details of how a packet is classified into an L3Out EPG, based on subnets. When BFD subinterface optimization is enabled on one subinterface, it will be activated for all of the subinterfaces on the same physical interface.

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